Job Roles

Producer

One of the vaguest titles in Hollywood, a producer can be a writer, an investor, an idea man, a manager or all of the above. In film, the head producer is called the executive producer and is responsible for each and every phase of filmmaking: pre-production, production and post-production.

In pre-production, the producer reads scripts and hears ideas from writers, directors and agents. After choosing an idea, the producer has to raise money to fund the project. One route is to get the backing of a major movie studio. Another is to go independent and seek funding from individual investors.

Now the producer has to hire a screenwriter, a director, production staff, casting directors, art directors, camera and lighting crews and editors.

It's the producer's job to make sure that the project stays within budget throughout production and post-production. A good producer not only makes good films, but makes money for the investors.

Like most jobs in the film industry, producers work their way up. You might start as a production assistant or a script reader, learning how to spot a good idea and how to bring it to fruition. Or you can just leap right in and learn by trial and error, making small, low-budget films and working up to bigger ones.

Director

Directors oversee the artistic vision of a film. Directors aren't usually involved in the financial side of filmmaking, unless they're wearing multiple hats as a producer-director.

In pre-production, the director works closely with the screenwriter and the producer to figure out the best way to visually represent the script and its themes. An experienced director will have a preferred list of cinematographers, art directors, cameramen, casting directors and even actors. Even if the producer does much of the actual hiring and location scouting, it's the director who has the final say.

During filming, the director coaches actors on the best way to read their lines and express emotions. He or she works with the cinematographer to make sure that the action is being faithfully and artistically recorded. And the director decides how many takes are necessary before the crew can move on to the next shot.

In post-production, the director sits with the editor to assemble the finished film. He or she works with a composer and music director to create a score and soundtrack that supports the story. And finally, after months or years of work, the director has a finished film.

To succeed as a director requires a persistence of vision and the ability to collaborate with an extensive team to bring that vision to life. They also need to have a deep understanding of film history and technique. Directors usually start with small, independent projects, sometimes as part of film school programs.

Screenwriters

There are several different ways for a screenwriter to get involved with a film project. One way is to write a full script on spec. The idea is to write the script first and then shop it around to agents or producers who might hire you or buy the script for later development.

Experienced screenwriters don't even have to write the script. Through their agent, they can get appointments with producers to pitch an idea for a script. The producer can then decide whether to just buy the idea or to hire the screenwriter to write a full script or a shorter treatment.

Some screenwriters are hired later in the process, after a producer or director has developed an idea. The screenwriter might be asked to write an adaptation of an existing work, like a novel or a play, or even punch up another screenwriter's script by adding more jokes or more realistic dialogue. On large studio films, it's not uncommon for several screenwriters to get credit for the same script.

Some screenwriters start as playwrights, journalists, novelists or other professional writers, while others go directly into writing for film and television. It's a notoriously hard industry to break into, so it helps if you have connections.

Editors (Film and Video)

Editors perform one of the most important -- but least glamorous -- jobs in Hollywood. It's not uncommon for a director to shoot hundreds of hours of footage that needs to be whittled down to a tight, 90-minute film. A skilled editor will select the scenes and individual shots that best tell the story according to the director's specific vision.

Editors spend their days (and some late nights) in front of a console of computer monitors, shaving seconds off of shots and painstakingly editing audio. Larger film projects employ many different editors, each with a specific task (rough cut editor, dialogue audio editor, special effects audio editor and more). They don't get paid that much for all those late night

Animation Plan (assignment)

This assignment is an animation for my stop motion animation side of my course, i have been asked to make a short animation film.

I must create at least 1 animation by the deadline, i however, being myself, want to make 2, a model based animation and a time lapse. The model based animation will be what i create for the short film side but i wanted to get some extra credit so, why not set up a camera and time-lapse yourself creating the model based animation? so thats the idea, i'm going to create a model based animation because they seem to be a strength even if i am not great at making models.

The Plan
The models will most likely be human shape, either to be based off a movie trailer or game trailer, i'm not sure what and how just yet but i'm sure i can come up with something smart, the idea is to create the model animation on camera to be time-lapsed later to create 2 separate animations

The beginning of the animation will contain a blacksmith creating a sword and running into battle, transforming into a bayonetting ww1 soldier through the trenches and then due to an explosion transitions into a modern day soldier who is subsequently killed, then i transition to a field of poppy's to end the animation.

This will be created at home then filmed an edited at college

Backgrounds:

Audio:

Music: Mattia Cupelli - You'll believe men can fly
20th_century_battle ambient sound



(at the minute i have no further updates)

Pixilation

Pixilation
This a stop motion animation technique using real people, this is one of the most popular techniques in stop motion but also the easiest because you don't have to create models if you don't have any artistic skills which many people unfortunately do not have, using people can create an alternative to creating well drawn sketches or well detailed model characters. This can also, save time and your sanity because of the levels of stress that model animating can cause (you have been warned), another positive to pixilation is the accuracy that you can maintain throughout the animation because you have complete control over your physical shape and appearance.

The way this technique works is you take a still image of the person you are filming, you then slightly move the part of the body you wish, just slightly,  and take another still image then continue to repeat this process.

Some examples:

Runners

A runner in the film industry is where most of us will begin the journey to the top of the food chain. it is your first chance to prove your worth in the industry to try and get further into the career you are wanting to achieve, you cant expect to become a professional director coming straight out of university, unfortunately its a longer road than most other jobs in a work place. but that is not to say it isn't a rewarding road either, becoming a runner gives you a great chance to get exactly where you want to be and gets you a chance at getting hands on experience in the real world of the film and television industry.

If you like you could look at a runner as a 'labourer' in a building work place, you do the jobs you get asked to do and in turn get a chance to work along side veterans who gave show you the 'tricks of the trade' so you can get a head start in the business.

There are different runners who have similar responsibilities in the workplace, but what exactly do runners do? well, Runners are responsible for client hospitality, including providing food and drinks. Clients spend long periods of time at Post Production houses during the editing process. 

Time-lapse

Time-lapse is a form of animation but is commonly mistaken for photography as it is not a model or a drawing but photos, this is a common misconception.

Time-lapse is a way to capture a long process that could take days, weeks or months even, and refines it down to a few seconds in a clip. This gives the ability to capture beautiful scenes like a sunset or a flower blooming in spring time and give the ability to watch it without having to stare for hours at a still object.

It does this by capturing still images from the same position every few seconds and then is played back at a steady 30 frames per second,  For example, an image of a scene may be captured once every second, then played back at 30 frames per second; the result is an apparent 30 times speed increase. 

Some examples of Time-lapse from Mr Casey Neistat:

Adam' Assignment 2

Target Market (Market Research/Audience Research)
The reason producers should research 'Target Markets' is simply because they need to be aware of the fan base of this certain genre of film, this is put simply to find which age group the film would sell to the best; better target market=better box office sales.

Historical and Factual information and data
(Audience Research/Production Research)
Producers must know exactly what they are basing their own film on. For example, if a producer wanted to create a film set in World War 2, the setting must accurately reflect the era they had chosen, for example they could not send the soldiers into battle with modern day technology and weaponry. 

Demand (Audience Research/Production Research)
For a film to create a high rating in the box office, it must sell a large amount of tickets. in order to achieve this they must find the demand for that genre of film, in today market, there has been an influx of super hero films, these films are the most effective because of there simple and arguably bland story line but they sell very high in cinemas because of the high demand from a younger target market who have the largest demand for that genre of film.

Budget and Costs(Production Research)
a Producer and a director must know that they have limited funding. they cannot spend more than there budget given, so sometimes you have to improvise as a producer. To keep on track of your budget you must know how much props, crew members and also settings and flights cost, if you make less than you spend in a film, this film is deemed a failure.

It costs £145.50 for a colour and £49.00 for a black and white TV licence under the age of 75 for any device that can watch commercial television this is relevant because this is how you could fund the film industry, a TV licence is payed annually.

other ways to fund the film industry are:

• Subscriptions

Subscriptions such as 'Netflix' are streaming devices that allow you to watch a large verity of films in there selection, they must be payed monthly and can be cancelled at any time. 

• Pay Per View 

Pay per view is like the cinema or a movie rental service you pay to watch a specific movie for a small price and can watch that film for a day or two, you must pay every time you want to do this,this is not a constant payment per month.

• Sponsorship

If you sponser a show, athelete, transport company etc you are paying for physical advertisement for millions of the public to see drawing more attention to your film business.

• Advertising

Advertising adds the ability to create interest and spread the word of an up coming film therefore bringing more revenue to the film when it is released giving it a boost in sales.

• Product placement

Remember Marty Mcflies self lacing Nike trainers and the cool futuristic Pepsi he buys in the future cafe in back to the future 2? or the mail service tom hanks works for in castaway? Well, that's product placement! Nike,Pepsi and Fed-Ex payed the directors of those films to insert there company/product somewhere in there films so they could get easy advertisements and more publicity but this will also help the directors fund there film.

• Private Capital

Hard cash investments made to your project by a single investor, a group of investors, and personal investments from colleagues/family. Equity investments require that the investor own a stake in the film giving you a boost in funding.

• Financial Aid

Financial aid is essentially a load given to film makers to create films with boosted funding if potential is seen.

Ownership
There are many types of ownership in the film industry:

• Public Service

Public service broadcasting refers to TV programmes that are broadcast for the public benefit rather than for purely commercial purposes.

• Commercial

Commercial owners are interested in making a profit from the creations, this is most large companies in the film and television industry.

• Private

Almost every company is privately owned and this means they can not be publicly traded.

• Independent Companies

In dependant companies are 'indie film creators' who are usually fresh out of university and have to funding from the government of a large company and work completely independently

• Global Companies

Global Companies can broadcast anywhere in the world and are not constricted to there own country,for example the Olympic games.

Adams Assignment 13/10/16

The TV show Idea.
Recently I have been spending a lot of my time playing Games set in post-apocalyptic settings and thought to myself ‘Why is there no Movies or Popular TV Shows set after the nuclear apocalypse’ I think this setting could be such a good setting to base a TV show in, because of the deep science and fiction in pop culture due to games like the Fallout franchise. These games have shown a great deal of storytelling ability in the game showing me that there is a lot to create and a lot to discover.
This idea actually sparked me to go ahead and start a media course simply because of the thoughts I have for something like this, I want to create a TV show centred on a main character who emerges from a vault years after a nuclear war, he starts out fearful of the unknown and finishes the show after multiple series’ as a Walter White etc. type character who is ruthless and cares not for his own well being and will stop at nothing to get what he wants, becoming the very thing he feared in the first place.
I want to give the main character everything, let him become ‘comfortable’ and then tear it all away from him and repeat this cycle so the character will become less and less human and more and more like the wastelands he fears. 

Market
Breaking Bad is a great example of the similarity between my show and Vince Gilligan’s; breaking bad is all about character progression in the main characters Walter White and Jesse Pinkman, as we watch the show we see the change in Walter from innocent family man to deranged king pin, I want to create my show in a very similar fashion, have the main character fear the thought of killing because due to his pre-war values he sees it as murder, I want him to change into a fearless leader who won’t shy away from brutally killing his opposition if it is required. A show I have not had the chance to watch yet is ‘The Walking dead’ due to its horror tone which I personally don’t particularly like to watch I prefer the idea of the survival aspect and the setting, which I believe could be a similarity in my work as I want to concentrate more on character progression and Setting development, and the walking dead has a very similar genre to mine ‘Post-apocalyptic’.
Breaking Bad’s viewing figures increased rapidly by series 4 from the pilot episode that racked around 1.41 million American Viewers to 10.28 million by the shows finale. Breaking bad ended September 23rd 2013, and began January 20th 2008 with a new season every year.
The walking dead is still an on going project and a new season is soon to be released, these are the season average viewers around the globe:

Season 1:  Premier:  5.35                Ended:  5.24 million
Season 2:  Premier:  7.26                Ended:  6.90 million
Season 3:  Premier: 10.87                Ended: 10.40 million
Season 4:  Premier: 16.11                Ended: 13.30 million
Season 5:  Premier: 17.30                Ended: 14.40 million
Season 6:  Premier: 14.63                Ended: 13.15 million

The Walking dead began on October 31st 2010 and is still on going, season 6 finished April 3rd 2016 and a new season has been released every year so new season can be expected by October this year.

Again, these are the average live viewers around the globe:

Season 1:  Premier:  5.35                Ended:  5.97
Season 2:  Premier:  7.26                Ended:  8.99
Season 3:  Premier: 10.97                Ended: 12.42
Season 4:  Premier: 16.11                Ended: 13.34

Season 5:  Premier: 17.30                Ended: 15.78

Season 6:  Premier: 14.63                Ended: 14.19

Season 7:  Premier: 17.03                Ended: N / A

   

Audience

Every Director/Producer has a target audience in mind when it comes to there creation it is obvious that Vince Gilligan knew his show would be targeted to the age group of 18+ with his show 'Breaking bad' it mixes the young generations pop culture to the old generations family life. The gender is obviously targeted at a male audience with its slow cleaver story, its testosterone filled action scenes, its extremely tense moments and its glorified male characters and its easily dis-likeable female characters such as Walters wife, it is defiantly targeted to a male audience. 

Prison Break is a Show that i am in the ends of watching, this is hard to tell what gender it is targeted at because of its swapping themes, from shock to excitement then has elements of romance, i personally believe it it sis targeted to teenage males because of the fairly young cast and lack of graphic nature 

The Walking Dead is most definitely targeted to 15+ or 18+ males because of its high male cast, graphic nature, and over all testosterone fueled violence and simple plot lines, the show is notorious for gore and it fits the 15+ category more because of this because it attracts curious teenagers in and gives them the shock over a horror film but strays away from strong language, sexual content and drug use because of its target age.  

So adding all these factors i came up with my own list that I believe I would have in my own show:

• Violence
• Drug Use
• Alcohol
• Murder
• Mass Death/Genocide
• Strong Language
• Controversial topics  
• War 
• Shootings

After taking all of these factors into account i would be targeting my show at a 16-18+ because of the ability to work with all factors i wish in the show than limiting the shows potential.

The audience of 'The Walking Dead' is heavily influenced by 'Gamers' which is obvious as it is clearly targeted to that audience because of its consistent violence just as the games most of that audience will play will be the same as the show.

The idea of my show came from playing games such as Fallout 2,3,4,New Vegas and looking into the setting, characters and story line and thinking to myself 'why is this not a huge TV show yet?' so my audience I could imagine would come from the same background.

Age

The target audience is based for an adult audience, a more mature experience for over 18s who will understand the graphic nature and the references to the settings and the happenings of the main character, but also can see the change from the start of the series to the finish, watching how to main character transforms from a scared survivor to a murderous war lord. 

Production Research

The roles required are below with there description and reasons behind them being needed:

• Actors

 These are the characters of the show. For my show i would like: 1 main character,15 side characters, 6 'villains' of the show and an unspecified number of extras in the show.

• Set Designers and Location Scouts

A Location scout is the person who finds multiple areas all around the world suitable for filming in for your specific scene. Set designers are the people who create the 'sets' they build fake decorations, towns, rooms and landscapes. For my show, the ideal setting is a deserted area, deserts and abandoned areas due to the post-nuclear apocalypse landscape and setting.  

• Camera Men and Sound crew

The camera men are needed
to films he show in multiple locations, more than 5 camera men would be needed for all the shots per scene.

The Sound crew are the part of the crew who work with the audio and record the audio. the camera crew need all kinds of camera equipment and the sound crew require all different types of microphones for different situations.

• Director

 The director is the 'Creator', this is my vision as I created this show from my own mind so it would be my duty to 'direct' the cast and crew how to create my vision a reality, the directors job is one of, if not, the most important job of the cast because without the director there is no film/show. The director requires a script before he can become the director.

• Script Writer

The script writer works hand in hand with the director and producers to create a script for the cast to follow to create the dialogue for the characters.

Proof Read:

The TV show Idea.
Recently I have been spending a lot of my time playing Games set in post-apocalyptic settings and thought to myself ‘Why is there no Movies or Popular TV Shows set after the nuclear apocalypse’ I think this setting could be such a good setting to base a TV show in, because of the deep science and fiction in pop culture due to games like the Fallout franchise. These games have shown a great deal of storytelling ability in the game showing me that there is a lot to create and a lot to discover.
This idea actually sparked me to go ahead and start a media course simply because of the thoughts I have for something like this, I want to create a TV show centered on a main character who emerges from a vault years after a nuclear war, he starts out fearful of the unknown and finishes the show after multiple series’ as a Walter White etc. type character who is ruthless and cares not for his own well being and will stop at nothing to get what he wants, becoming the very thing he feared in the first place.
I want to give the main character everything, let him become ‘comfortable’ and then tear it all away from him and repeat this cycle so the character will become less and less human and more and more like the wastelands he fears. 

Market
Breaking Bad is a great example of the similarity between my show and Vince Gilligan’s; breaking bad is all about character progression in the main characters Walter White and Jesse Pinkman, as we watch the show we see the change in Walter from innocent family man to deranged king pin, I want to create my show in a very similar fashion, have the main character fear the thought of killing because due to his pre-war values he sees it as murder, I want him to change into a fearless leader who won’t shy away from brutally killing his opposition if it is required. A show I have not had the chance to watch yet is ‘The Walking dead’ due to its horror tone which I personally don’t particularly like to watch I prefer the idea of the survival aspect and the setting, which I believe could be a similarity in my work as I want to concentrate more on character progression and Setting development, and the walking dead has a very similar genre to mine ‘Post-apocalyptic’.
Breaking Bad’s viewing figures increased rapidly by series 4 from the pilot episode that racked around 1.41 million American Viewers to 10.28 million by the shows finale. Breaking bad ended September 23rd 2013, and began January 20th 2008 with a new season every year.
The walking dead is still an on going project and a new season is soon to be released, these are the season average viewers around the globe:

Season 1:  Premier:  5.35                Ended:  5.24 million
Season 2:  Premier:  7.26                Ended:  6.90 million
Season 3:  Premier: 10.87                Ended: 10.40 million
Season 4:  Premier: 16.11                Ended: 13.30 million
Season 5:  Premier: 17.30                Ended: 14.40 million
Season 6:  Premier: 14.63                Ended: 13.15 million

The Walking dead began on October 31st 2010 and is still on going, season 6 finished April 3rd 2016 and a new season has been released every year so new season can be expected by October this year.

Again, these are the average live viewers around the globe:

Season 1:  Premier:  5.35                Ended:  5.97
Season 2:  Premier:  7.26                Ended:  8.99
Season 3:  Premier: 10.97                Ended: 12.42
Season 4:  Premier: 16.11                Ended: 13.34

Season 5:  Premier: 17.30                Ended: 15.78

Season 6:  Premier: 14.63                Ended: 14.19

Season 7:  Premier: 17.03                Ended: N / A

   

Audience

Every Director/Producer has a target audience in mind when it comes to there creation it is obvious that Vince Gilligan knew his show would be targeted to the age group of 18+ with his show 'Breaking bad' it mixes the young generations pop culture to the old generations family life. The gender is obviously targeted at a male audience with its slow cleaver story, its testosterone filled action scenes, its extremely tense moments and its glorified male characters and its easily dis-likable female characters such as Walters wife, it is defiantly targeted to a male audience. 

Prison Break is a Show that i am in the ends of watching, this is hard to tell what gender it is targeted at because of its swapping themes, from shock to excitement then has elements of romance, i personally believe it it sis targeted to teenage males because of the fairly young cast and lack of graphic nature 

The Walking Dead is most definitely targeted to 15+ or 18+ males because of its high male cast, graphic nature, and over all testosterone fueled violence and simple plot lines, the show is notorious for gore and it fits the 15+ category more because of this because it attracts curious teenagers in and gives them the shock over a horror film but strays away from strong language, sexual content and drug use because of its target age.  

So adding all these factors i came up with my own list that I believe I would have in my own show:

• Violence
• Drug Use
• Alcohol
• Murder
• Mass Death/Genocide
• Strong Language
• Controversial topics  
• War 
• Shootings
• Moderate Gore (not extreme)
• Romance
• Positive Role Models
• No Positive Role Models 

After taking all of these factors into account i would be targeting my show at a 16-18+ because of the ability to work with all factors i wish in the show than limiting the shows potential.

The audience of 'The Walking Dead' is heavily influenced by 'Gamers' which is obvious as it is clearly targeted to that audience because of its consistent violence just as the games most of that audience will play will be the same as the show.

The idea of my show came from playing games such as Fallout 2,3,4,New Vegas and looking into the setting, characters and story line and thinking to myself 'why is this not a huge TV show yet?' so my audience I could imagine would come from the same background.

Age

The target audience is based for an adult audience, a more mature experience for over 18's who will understand the graphic nature and the references to the settings and the happenings of the main character, but also can see the change from the start of the series to the finish, watching how to main character transforms from a scared survivor to a murderous war lord. 

Production Research

The roles required are below with there description and reasons behind them being needed:

• Actors

 These are the characters of the show. For my show i would like: 1 main character,15 side characters, 6 'villains' of the show and an unspecified number of extras in the show.

• Set Designers and Location Scouts

A Location scout is the person who finds multiple areas all around the world suitable for filming in for your specific scene. Set designers are the people who create the 'sets' they build fake decorations, towns, rooms and landscapes. For my show, the ideal setting is a deserted area, deserts and abandoned areas due to the post-nuclear apocalypse landscape and setting.  

• Camera Men and Sound crew

The camera men are needed
to films he show in multiple locations, more than 5 camera men would be needed for all the shots per scene.

The Sound crew are the part of the crew who work with the audio and record the audio. the camera crew need all kinds of camera equipment and the sound crew require all different types of microphones for different situations.

• Director

 The director is the 'Creator', this is my vision as I created this show from my own mind so it would be my duty to 'direct' the cast and crew how to create my vision a reality, the directors job is one of, if not, the most important job of the cast because without the director there is no film/show. The director requires a script before he can become the director.

• Script Writer

The script writer works hand in hand with the director and producers to create a script for the cast to follow to create the dialogue for the characters.

•  Editors

 The editors are the last part of the crew to work as they edit the film to look exactly as the director wants it but also add audio to make it sound as the director wishes, the editors make the film feel how the tone should suggest. Editors need specialist computer programs to add special effects and other editing techniques

Cutout Animation

Cutout Animation
This is an animation technique for creating a stop motion animation from flat paper cut outs of a character, a prop and the background. Not all have to be cut from paper, they are sometimes cut from: card, stiff fabric or even photographs. they are done like any stop motion animation, by taking a series of still images of slightly moved objects and then is played back as a certain frame per second to give the illusion it is moving, this is the exact way cut out animation is created, by moving cut out models to create a series of still images that appear to make the object move.

By today cut out animations such as South Park are mostly done on computers like any other animation in the modern age due to the ability to be more efficient in creating a full show on the computer rather than cutting out separate characters for every scene. This process is done by scanning images being used rather than a physical version of the cut out. Going back to South Park, the Pilot episode was actual physical cut outs of the characters before the creators (Trey Parker, Matt Stone) decided it would be more efficient to create the show on a computer.

This is the first ever episode (pilot) of south park in the best quality i could find on youtube.

My own Cut out animation:

Page Assembly Exercise

I created a page at A4 size with two coulombs, then, i placed one of my own images of a water fall in Iceland into the left coulomb. i also added a text box to the top to create a header.


I then added the title 'Page Assembly Exercise' to the top of the page.

i then placed a new image of Conor McGregor on the right coulomb.

i then added a body of text provided written in latin.

i then added Page breaker in between the text in both coulombs 'Natural Beauty' on the left, 'The Notorious One' on the right coulomb.

Cellulose Plastic (Cel) Animations

Cellulose Plastic (Cel) Animations

Cellulose Plastic animations are some of the first animation techniques for had drawn cartoons in the modern age from the start of the 1920s.

The process is made up from a hand drawing on paper that is then traced onto a slide of cellulose plastic. The initial trace of the drawing is simply the dark black outline of the drawing, the sheet is then turned over and painted on the other side inside the lines of the trace.

The drawings are then placed on a sort of filing system which is used to keep all the images aligned so they can then be photographed, the sheets of Cel' plastic has holes like filing paper or plastic wallets that are inserted into the the file, this secures the images accurately. This sets the wheels in motion for the animation to begin. An example of this technique is shown below.

This 1930's video shows in early 1900's style the exact procedure that Walt Disney had to go through to create his first masterpiece 'Snow White and the seven dwarfs.'

Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs was Walt Disney's first film to be received by critics back in 1937, it was a huge success being one of the first cartoon full length movie, the movie was made by using cellulose plastic animation. By the time the finish was completed almost years after Walt Disney made his dream become a reality over 250'000 cellulose sheets had been produced by women is a printing office. The budget for this film was: $1,488,423. The film came out of the box office with a staggering: $418.2 million. 

The Quality of the animation from 'Steamboat Willie' to 'Snow White and the seven Dwarfs.' is obviously increased, not just because of the new addition of colour in the cartoon which creates a brand new dynamic theatre experience, but it is much smoother than the first cel animation Disney created, the reason for this is because more sheets where animated in one clip meaning there are almost 3 sheets for every 1 sheet in steamboat willie making the cartoon characters look like they are actually moving not a jagged 'laggy' movement.

Move on into the 1940s and and a young company is emerging, 'Hanna-Barbera' this company is responsible for a massive part of my own childhood, this company created the Cartoon shorts 'Tom and Jerry' a slapstick comedy cartoon for children about a devious mouse (Jerry) and a deranged cat (Tom) who will stop at nothing to catch the mouse, this cartoon was in my opinion the greatest cartoon series in history, but, like i said its my opinion. the difference between disneys cartoons and now Hanna-Barbera' is the speed and tone it has compared to its predecessor. Tom and Jerry is very slapstick and in some cases contained scenes of violence against two characters. This put a contrast between the two animators as Disney tried to keep his animations as child friendly as possible by today's standards, however back in the 40's not a single person would have an issue with tom and jerrys violence against each other, even though it is barely even violence at all because neither character ever actually got hurt, however, it would be difficult to air a show such as this to a new audience, it just wouldn't fit with the genre that parents expect unfortunately. never the less these cartoons showed that a children's cartoon can contain more than princesses and love story's, it can give you a real comical night of entertainment which that era was sorely missing.

A clip from Tom and Jerrys First televsion aired episode: 

However the animation in snow white and the seven dwarfs is an artifact by today's standards, cartoons today are made in bulk, shows like The Simpsons, Family Guy to name a few. Today cartoons are created on the computer meaning they are much faster to create but that doesn't mean the main animation technique is gone, the cartoon is still drawn in separate shots they are just edited using a computer once they are all drawn, shows like family guy (right) show that animation has the ability to be more than a children's form of entertainment.

'The success of 'The Simpsons' really opened doors. It showed that if you were working in animation you didn't necessarily have to be working in kids' television.' this is a quote from Family guys Creator Seth Macfarlane.

More quotes from him can be found here along with many other celeb quotes:

http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/s/seth_macfarlane.html